Imepụta kemịkalụ
Industrylọ ọrụ kemịkalụ na-eche nnukwu ihe ịma aka na-achịkwa gburugburu ebe obibi ihuna-emeso mmiri mkpofu yaigbapu. Ihe mmetọ nke ụlọ nrụpụta mmanụ ala na osisi petrochemical na-ewepụta gụnyere ihe ndị na-emetọ ihe ndị dị ka mmanụ na abụba na ihe siri ike kwụsịtụrụ, yana amonia, chromium, phenol na sulfides.
Ụlọ ọrụ ike
Ọdụdọ ọkụ ọkụ fosil, ọkachasị ndị a na-agba ọkụ, bụ isi ebe e si enweta yammiri mkpofu ụlọ ọrụ. Ọtụtụ n'ime osisi ndị a na-ewepụta mmiri mkpofu nwere nnukwu ọla dị ka lead, mercury, cadmium na chromium, yana arsenic, selenium na nitrogen ogige (nitrates na nitrites). Osisi ndị nwere njikwa mmetọ ikuku, dị ka ihe na-ehicha mmiri, na-ebufekarị ihe ndị e weghaara n'ime mmiri na-ekpofu mmiri.
Nrụpụta ígwè/ígwè
A na-eji mmiri na-emepụta ígwè eme ihe maka oyi na nkewa nke ngwaahịa. A na-emetọ ya na ngwaahịa ndị dị ka amonia na cyanide n'oge usoro ntụgharị mbụ. Mmiri mkpofu na-agụnye benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, phenol na cresol. Ịmepụta ígwè na ígwè n'ime efere, wires, ma ọ bụ ihe ntụchi chọrọ mmiri dị ka ihe na-eme ka mmanu na ntụ oyi, yana mmiri mmiri hydraulic, bọta, na granular solids. Mmiri maka igwe galvanized chọrọ hydrochloric na sulfuric acid. Mmiri mkpofu na-agụnye mmiri sachaa acid na ihe mkpofu. Ọtụtụ n'ime mmiri mkpofu nke ụlọ ọrụ ígwè bụ mmiri mmiri hydraulic, nke a makwaara dị ka mmanụ soluble metọọ.
Ụlọ ọrụ nhazi ígwè
Ihe mkpofu na-esi na arụcha ígwè arụ ọrụ na-abụkarị apịtị (silt) nwere ọla agbazere na mmiri mmiri. Nrụpụta metal plating, metal finishing and printed circuit board (PCB) arụmọrụ na-arụpụta nnukwu silt nwere metal hydroxides dị ka ferric hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, nickel hydroxide, zinc hydroxide, ọla kọpa hydroxide na aluminum hydroxide. A ga-agwọrịrị mmiri mkpofu igwe na-emecha ka ọ gbasoo ụkpụrụ niile dị n'ihi mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi na mmadụ/anụmanụ nke ihe mkpofu a.
Ụlọ ọrụ na-asa ákwà
Ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka ịkwa akwa azụmahịa na-eji akwa akwa akwa kwa afọ, na uwe ndị a, akwa akwa, ala MATS, wdg, na-emepụta mmiri mkpofu jupụtara na mmanụ, wadding, ájá, grit, ọla dị arọ, na ogige organic na-agbanwe agbanwe nke a ga-agwọrịrị. tupu ahapụ.
Ụlọ ọrụ Ngwuputa
Ọdụdụ m bụ ngwakọta nke mmiri na ọmarịcha nkume e gwepịara egwepịa nke fọdụrụ na mwepụ nke ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe, dị ka ọla edo ma ọ bụ ọlaọcha, n'oge ọrụ Ngwuputa. Ntufu ọdụdụ m nke ọma bụ isi ihe ịma aka nye ụlọ ọrụ na-egwupụta akụ. Tailings bụ ụgwọ gburugburu ebe obibi yana nnukwu ihe ịma aka ọnụ ahịa yana ohere iji belata ụgwọ njem na mkpofu. Enwere ike ikpochapụ atụmatụ ọgwụgwọ kwesịrị ekwesị na ọdọ mmiri ọdụ.
Ngwunye mmanụ na gas
A na-ahụta mmiri mkpofu sitere na mgbapu gas dị ka ihe mkpofu dị ize ndụ yana saline nke ukwuu. Na mgbakwunye, mmiri agwakọta ya na kemịkalụ ụlọ ọrụ n'ime ntụtụ Wells iji mee ka ọ dị mfe igwu mmiri nwere ọtụtụ sodium, magnesium, iron, barium, strontium, manganese, methanol, chlorine, sulfate na ihe ndị ọzọ. Mgbe a na-egwupụta ihe, ihe ndị na-eme redioactive na-alaghachi n'elu ya na mmiri. Mmiri na-agba agba nwekwara ike ịnwe hydrocarbons, gụnyere nsị dị ka benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene na xylene nke enwere ike ịhapụ mgbe a na-egwupụta ihe.
Ụlọ ọrụ na-edozi mmiri/mmiri mmiri
Ihe sitere na ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka nsị mmiri bụ mmepụta nke ihe mkpofu nwere ọtụtụ ihe ndị nwere ike imetọ. Ọbụna mmiri chlorinated emegharịrị nwere ike ịnwe ngwaahịa na-emerụ ahụ dị ka trihalomethane na haloacetic acid. Ihe fọdụrụ siri ike sitere na ụlọ ọrụ ọgwụgwọ nsị mmiri, nke a na-akpọ biosolids, nwere fatịlaịza a na-ahụkarị, mana nwekwara ike ịnwe ọla dị arọ na ogige organic sịntetik dị na ngwaahịa ụlọ.
Nhazi nri
Ọ dị mkpa ka a na-achịkwa ntinye nke pesticides, ụmụ ahụhụ, ahịhịa anụmanụ na fatịlaịza na nri na mmiri mkpofu ugbo. N'ime usoro nhazi nri sitere na ihe eji eme ihe, mmiri na-ejupụta na nnukwu ibu nke ihe na-edozi ahụ na ihe ndị na-edozi ahụ ma ọ bụ kemịkalụ. Ihe mkpofu ahịhịa sitere na ogbugbu na nhazi nke anụmanụ, mmiri ara, ihe eriri afọ na ọbara bụ isi mmalite nke mmetọ mmiri dị mkpa ka a gwọọ ya.
Oge nzipu: Feb-15-2023