Kedu ihe kemịkalụ a na-ejikarị na osisi ọgwụgwọ nsị mmiri?

Mgbe Na-eche echiche gịỌgwụgwọ mmiri mkpofuUsoro, Malite site n'ịchọpụta ihe ị ga-ewepụ na mmiri iji zute ihe ndị chọrọ ịgbasa. Site na ọgwụgwọ kemịkalụ kwesịrị ekwesị, ị nwere ike wepu ion na obere ihe siri ike na mmiri, yana ihe siri ike kwụsịtụrụ. Chemicals ndị a na-eji n'osisi ọgwụgwọ nsị mmiri gụnyere:Flocculant, Ph Regulator, Coagulant.

Flocculant
A na-eji Flocculant eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ na ngwaIji nyere aka wepụ ihe siri ike kwụsịtụrụ na mmiri mmiri site na itinye ihe ndị na-emerụ emerụ n'ime mpempe akwụkwọ ma ọ bụ "Flocs" nke na-ese n'elu elu ma ọ bụ na-edozi na ala. Enwere ike iji ha mee ka wayo dị nro, tinye sludge na mmiri siri ike. Flocculants eke ma ọ bụ mineral na-agụnye silica na-arụ ọrụ na polysaccharides, ebe flocculants sịntetị na-abụkarị polyacrylamide.
Dabere na chaja na kemịkalụ nke mmiri mkpofu, enwere ike iji flocculants naanị ya ma ọ bụ jikọta ya na coagulant. Flocculants dị iche na coagulant n'ihi na ha na-abụkarị polymers, ebe coagulant na-abụkarị nnu. Nha Molecular ha (Arọ) na njupụta (pasent nke molecules na Anionic ma ọ bụ Cationic Charges) nwere ike ịdịgasị iche iji "nhazi" ụgwọ nke ihe ndị dị na mmiri ma mee ka ha na-ejikọta ọnụ na mmiri. N'ozuzu, a na-eji Anionic Flocculants na-eme ka ọnyà ihe ndị dị na mineral, ebe a na-eji Cationic Flocculants na-eji ọnyà Organic.

PH Onye nhazi
Iji wepụ ọla na ihe mgbaze ndị ọzọ agbazere na mmiri mkpofu, enwere ike iji onye na-ahazi pH. Site n'ịkwalite pH nke mmiri, wee si otú a na-abawanye ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ion hydroxide na-adịghị mma, nke a ga-eme ka ion metal kwadoro nke ọma na njikọ ion hydroxide ndị a na-adịghị mma. Nke a na-ebute nzacha n'ụdị metal dị oke ma na-esighi ike.

Coagulant
Maka usoro ọgwụgwọ mmiri ọ bụla nke na-agwọ ihe siri ike kwụsịtụrụ, Coagulants nwere ike ime ka mmetọ kwụsịtụrụ maka mwepụ dị mfe. A na-ekewa kemịkalụ kemịkalụ a na-eji maka ọgwụgwọ mmiri mkpofu ụlọ ọrụ n'ime otu n'ime ngalaba abụọ: Organic na inorganic.
Inorganic coagulant dị ọnụ ahịa ma enwere ike iji ya mee ọtụtụ ngwa ngwa. Ha dị irè karịsịa megide mmiri raw nke ọ bụla dị ala turbidity, na ngwa a adabaghị maka Organic coagulant. Mgbe etinyere ya na mmiri, ihe ndị na-adịghị ahụkebe sitere na aluminom ma ọ bụ ígwè na-agbapụta, na-amịpụta adịghị ọcha n'ime mmiri ma na-asachapụ ya. A maara nke a dị ka usoro “Sweep-And-Flocculate” Mechanism. Mgbe ọ dị irè, Usoro ahụ na-abawanye ọnụ ọgụgụ nke sludge nke chọrọ iwepụ na mmiri. Ihe mkpuchi inorganic nkịtị na-agụnye aluminom sulfate, aluminom chloride na Ferric sulfate.
Organic Coagulants nwere uru nke obere usoro onunu ogwu, obere mmepụta sludge na enweghị mmetụta na Ph nke mmiri a na-agwọ. Ihe atụ nke coagulant Organic nkịtị gụnyere Polyamines na Polydimethyl Diallyl Ammonium Chloride, yana Melamine, Formaldehyde na Tannins.